Common Reasons Why Babies Stick Their Tongues Out

Sticking the tongue out, also known as tongue thrusting, is when the tongue pushes itself against or between the front rows of teethwhile the baby is at rest or swallowing. It is more than just a cute tactic. Babies might use it as a sign to convey their needs, or it might indicate underlying pathology.

Are you concerned about your baby putting the tongue out all the time? In this MomJunction post, we tell you about all the possible causes of babies sticking their tongue out.

Babies usually explore the world by using their mouths. Therefore, it is mostly natural and normal for babies to stick out their tongues.The common reason for babies to stick out their tongues is innate infant reflexes. This is known as the tongue thrust reflex. Babies are born with these reflexes. A reflex is a muscle reaction that happens automatically in response to stimulation.

Sticking out the tongue due to reflexes is common and seen in every healthy infant. There could be other reasons as well behind sticking out the tongue.

Sticking the tongue out is not always a cause forconcern since it is often due to infant reflexes. The tongue thrust reflex helps the baby in sucking and latching on the nipple. Most babies outgrow these reflexesby the age of five to seven months. Remember, if you have any concerns about your baby sticking out their tongue, then do not hesitate to consult your pediatrician.

* Imitation

Many elders playfully pull their tongues out to play with babies. Many pieces of research have proved that babies pull their tongues out to imitate their elders and have fun.

* Expressing their needs

The babies might pull their tongues out to convey to the mothers that they are hungry. At times, if they are full, they might put their tongues out to signal their mothers to stop feeding them.

* Normal reflex

It might happen due to the normal sucking reflex in babies. Examples of infant reflexes that could cause a baby to stick out their tongue are the sucking reflex and gag reflex. The sucking reflex occurs when the area around the mouth is stroked. It causes the baby to move their lips and tongue in anticipation of suckling. The gag reflex happens when the back of the mouth or throat senses a solid object. It prevents the baby from gagging. It causes the tongue to stick out to expel the probable foreign body.

* Conveying that they are not ready for solids yet

Babies tend to stick their tongues when they are being fed semi-solids by a spoon. If your baby does it, then it means they still have the gag reflex and are not yet ready for semi-solids and solids. They stop doing this once their tongues are able to push on top of the palate and able to swallow the food.

* Mouth breathing

Mouth breathing can cause a baby to protrude their tongue out. A baby could breathe through the mouth due to a variety of reasons ranging from simple cough, cold, clogged sinuses, allergies, inflamed tonsils, or adenoids.

* Gas

Some babies might stick their tongue out while passing gas due to the discomfort and pain caused by excessive gas.

* Macroglossia

Macroglossia is an abnormal enlargement of the tongue. Some babies might develop a large tongue due to conditions, such as Down’s Syndrome hypothyroidism, or Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. At times, the large tongue might be a result of tumors or due to an injury. It might be genetically inherited, too. When babies have very large tongues, they are unable to keep them within the mouth, and hence it protrudes out.

* Micrognathia

Some babies have congenitally small jaws and chins and they cannot contain the tongue in their small mouths. This condition is known as micrognathia. In some infants, this condition resolves on its own by growth in the size of the mouth and development of muscles, by the age of five to seven months. The other reasons for micrognathia are cleft palate, and babies with syndromes like Marfan’s disease, Trisomy 13, Trisomy 18, Pierre Robin syndrome, etc. In this the size of the tongue is normal but the chin is small.

* Hypotonia

Hypotonia is a low muscle tone, which can affect several muscles of the body, including those of the tongue. In such cases, the tongue hangs out of a baby’s mouth. It might happen due to various health conditions like Down’s syndrome, Prader-Willi, Rett syndrome, etc.

* Masses or abnormal growth in the mouth

Any abnormal growth of tissue in the oral cavity or on the tongue might take up room in the mouth. It could lead to sticking out of the tongue. A few conditions that can be responsible for it are a tumor or an infection of a salivary gland or cysts, such as thyroglossal duct cyst.

* Orofacialmyofunctional disorder

It is a group of disorders of the face and oral cavity. Tongue thrust is the most common type of orofacialmyofunctional disorder (OMD). Sticking tongue out due to an OMD is often due to the abnormal position of the tongue while at rest. The disorder could develop due to a variety of reasons, such as congenital problems, family history, and even prolonged thumb sucking.

There are several reasons why babies could stick their tongue out, ranging from normal reflexes to indicators of a problem. In the next section, we address a few more queries related to sticking out of the tongue by babies.